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Web Scraping Lawsuits Tracker (2026)

US, UK and EU lawsuits over web scraping and AI training data since 2016: court, case number, claims, status and last event, each row dated and sourced.

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License: CC BY 4.0. Status: 25 cases. On 2026-11-12 I added three Brave cases and re-read the public court records of eight active cases; earlier targeted corrections date from 2026-10-16. Rows keep their whole-row verification dates, and each note says which documents were read when. This is not complete PACER/current state-court certification..

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Web Scraping Lawsuits Tracker (2026)Verified to
CaseRegionCourtCase numberFiledPlaintiff(s)Defendant(s)Data at issueClaimsStatusOutcome so farLast eventLast event dateNext eventNext event dateVerifiedSource
Google LLC v. SerpApi, LLCUSU.S. District Court, N.D. California (Oakland), Chief Judge Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers4:25-cv-10826-YGR19 Dec 2025Google LLCSerpApi, LLCGoogle Search results pages, which Google alleges SerpApi scrapes by getting around its SearchGuard protectionDMCA anti-circumvention, 17 U.S.C. §1201(a)(1)(A) and §1201(a)(2)active2026-07-20: complaint dismissed. Claims over results with no copyrighted content dismissed without leave to amend; leave to amend for results with a copyrighted component. 2026-11-09: ECF 62 granted SerpApi's motion to dismiss both §1201 claims in the amended complaint, with leave to amend only to cure the deficiencies the order identifies. These are pleading-stage rulings, not a finding that scraping Google is lawful.ECF 62 (9 November), decided without oral argument: the amended complaint is dismissed with leave to amend. Google may file an amended complaint within 21 days; if it does not, the action will be dismissed with prejudice. Discovery stays stayed pending any new complaint and motion to dismiss.9 Nov 2026Deadline for Google's second amended complaint, 21 days after the 9 November order. On 12 November 2026 the public docket feed still listed ECF 62 as its newest entry.30 Nov 2026Google v SerpApi actual ECF 62 (9 November 2026), pp.1, 19; ECF 42, 45, 49, 60 and 61 read 16 October 2026
The New York Times Co. v. Brave Software, Inc.USU.S. District Court, S.D. New York, Judge Lewis A. Kaplan1:26-cv-095492 Nov 2026The New York Times CompanyBrave Software, Inc.Times articles that the Times alleges Brave crawled into its search index without naming its crawler, then supplied through Ask Brave, the Brave Search API and the browser's paywall blocker (as alleged)Direct, contributory and vicarious copyright infringement; DMCA §1201(a)(1)(A) and §1201(a)(2) over the paywall blocker; unjust enrichment under New York law (allegations, not findings)activeNo ruling on any claim. ECF 14 (6 November) only deemed the copyright-registration exhibits filed with ECF 6-8 part of the complaint, citing limits of the court's filing system.ECF 15-17 (9 November): copyright case-opening forms (AO 121) submitted. Brave was served on 4 November (ECF 11).9 Nov 2026Brave's answer is due under the executed summons, unless the deadline is extended25 Nov 2026NYT v Brave complaint (ECF 1, filed 2 November 2026), pp.1-3 and 62-70; public docket feed read 12 November 2026
Daily News, LP et al. v. Brave Software, Inc.USU.S. District Court, S.D. New York (reassigned 5 November 2026; the new judge is not named in the public feed)1:26-cv-095542 Nov 2026Daily News, LP; Chicago Tribune Company, LLC; Orlando Sentinel Communications Company, LLCBrave Software, Inc.Articles from the three papers' websites that they allege Brave crawled into its index without naming its crawler and supplied through Ask Brave, its Search API and its browser (as alleged)Copyright infringement (direct, contributory and vicarious), DMCA §1201 and New York unjust enrichment, mirroring the Times complaint (allegations, not findings)activeNo ruling on any claim.Notice of case reassignment (judge not named in the feed) and a notice of appearance (ECF 14). The summons was returned executed on 4 November (ECF 13).5 Nov 2026Not publishedNot publishedDaily News et al. v Brave complaint (ECF 1, filed 2 November 2026), pp.1-2 and 58-60; public docket feed read 12 November 2026
Brave Software, Inc. v. News Corporation (Dow Jones and NYP Holdings counterclaims)USU.S. District Court, N.D. California (Oakland), Judge Jon S. Tigar; the earlier 2025 case was before Judge Charles R. Breyer4:26-cv-04758-JST (earlier case 3:25-cv-02503)19 May 2026Brave Software, Inc. (declaratory-judgment plaintiff); counterclaimants Dow Jones & Co., Inc. and NYP Holdings, Inc.News Corporation, Dow Jones & Co., NYP Holdings, News Corp UK & Ireland Limited and News Pty Limited (News Corp Australia); Brave on the counterclaimsWall Street Journal and New York Post articles that the counterclaims allege Brave crawled into its index and sold through its Search API (as alleged)Brave seeks a declaratory judgment of non-infringement. Counterclaims: two copyright infringement counts under 17 U.S.C. §106, one over copies used as inputs to Brave's API products and one over API outputs (allegations, not findings)activeNo ruling found. The 2025 case (3:25-cv-02503, filed 2025-03-12) was dismissed without prejudice by stipulation on 2025-06-10; the counterclaims say Brave filed this action on 2026-05-19.Answer by News Corp, Dow Jones and NYP Holdings, with counterclaims by Dow Jones and NYP Holdings (ECF 25). Its footnote 1 says the two foreign defendants were moving to dismiss at the same time.21 Jul 2026Not publishedNot publishedBrave v News Corp answer and counterclaims (ECF 25, filed 21 July 2026), filing copy hosted by the Copyright Alliance, pp.1-3 and 33-39
Reddit, Inc. v. SerpApi LLC et al.USU.S. District Court, S.D. New York, Judge Paul A. Engelmayer1:25-cv-08736-PAE22 Oct 2025Reddit, Inc.SerpApi LLC, Oxylabs UAB, AWMProxy, Perplexity AI, Inc.Reddit posts and comments taken from Google search results (as alleged)DMCA §1201 anti-circumvention, civil conspiracy, unjust enrichment, unfair competitionactive2026-07-31: ECF 104 sustained §1201(a)(1)(A) against SerpApi and Perplexity, §1201(a)(2) against SerpApi, and civil conspiracy against both. It dismissed §1201(b) against SerpApi and unjust enrichment/unfair competition against both. This pleading-stage ruling is not a liability finding.ECF 186 (10 November): Perplexity withdrew its motion to have Proskauer Rose appear (ECF 184), and the court directed Keker, Van Nest & Peters to say by 13 November whether it still seeks to withdraw as Perplexity's counsel; if so, Perplexity may respond by 20 November. ECF 183 (9 November) gave SerpApi a fresh choice to amend its counterclaims or stand on its opposition to Reddit's motion to dismiss them.10 Nov 2026Keker's filing on whether it maintains its motion to withdraw (13 November); SerpApi's amend-or-stand election on its counterclaims (23 November), then Reddit's reply by 7 December or its response to an amended counterclaim by 14 December.13 Nov 2026Reddit v SerpApi actual ECF 186 (10 November 2026) and ECF 183 (9 November 2026), read 12 November 2026; ECF 104 p.62, 161, 170 read 16 October 2026
Reddit, Inc. v. Anthropic PBCUSSan Francisco County Superior Court (remanded from U.S. District Court, N.D. California, 3:25-cv-05643)CGC-25-6258924 Jun 2025Reddit, Inc.Anthropic PBCReddit posts and comments, which Reddit alleges were scraped to train ClaudeBreach of contract, unjust enrichment, trespass to chattels, tortious interference, unfair competitionactiveFederal ECF 60, filed 2026-03-30 and signed 2026-03-28, remanded Reddit's five state-law claims because their alleged extra elements were not equivalent to Copyright Act rights. This was a removal/preemption ruling, not a finding that Anthropic committed the alleged acts.Latest court order read: federal remand to San Francisco Superior Court; later state-court rulings not verified30 Mar 2026Not publishedNot publishedActual federal ECF 60 remand order; ECF 1 removal notice and ECF 1-1 stamped complaint also read
Meta Platforms, Inc. v. Bright Data Ltd.USU.S. District Court, N.D. California, Judge Edward M. Chen3:23-cv-00077-EMC6 Jan 2023Meta Platforms, Inc.Bright Data Ltd.Public Facebook and Instagram data collected while logged outBreach of contract and tortious interference with contractdecidedOn 2024-01-23 the court granted Bright Data summary judgment on contract breach: the record established only logged-out public-data collection unrelated to its accounts, which the particular Meta/Instagram terms did not prohibit. The tortious-interference claim remained until the parties stipulated to dismiss it without prejudice on 2024-02-23.Latest dispositive document read: 2024-02-23 joint dismissal of Count II without prejudice and waiver of appeal23 Feb 2024Not applicableNot publishedActual ECF 193 joint dismissal/appeal waiver; ECF 181 summary judgment and ECF 1 complaint also read
X Corp. v. Bright Data Ltd.USU.S. District Court, N.D. California, Judge William Alsup3:23-cv-03698-WHA26 Jul 2023X Corp.Bright Data Ltd.X posts and profile data; later proposed pleading also alleged non-public access through fake accountsContract and state-law tort claims; later supplemental DMCA, CFAA and CDAFA claims allowed at the pleading stagesettledThe 2024-05-09 dismissal distinguished unsupported access/damage allegations from scraping claims preempted by copyright law. On 2024-11-26 the court allowed amended access-based trespass, some UCL, interference and contract claims, plus supplemental claims, while denying specified scraping-based theories. The parties later settled and dismissed the action with prejudice; no merits victory on the surviving claims is established.Latest dispositive order read: 2025-07-01 end-of-case order accepted dismissal with prejudice and directed closure1 Jul 2025Not applicableNot publishedActual ECF 357 end-of-case order; ECF 355 settlement stipulation, ECF 83 and ECF 156 also read
hiQ Labs, Inc. v. LinkedIn Corp.USU.S. District Court, N.D. California, Judge Edward M. Chen; Ninth Circuit (17-16783)3:17-cv-03301-EMC7 Jun 2017hiQ Labs, Inc.LinkedIn Corp. (which counterclaimed)Public LinkedIn member profileshiQ sought to stop LinkedIn blocking it (incl. a CFAA declaration); LinkedIn counterclaimed, incl. breach of its User AgreementsettledNinth Circuit upheld a preliminary injunction for hiQ (2019, again in 2022 after Van Buren). 2022-11-04: district court partly granted LinkedIn summary judgment.Consent judgment and permanent injunction entered on the parties' stipulation8 Dec 2022Not applicableNot publishedEntered hiQ consent judgment ECF 406 (8 December 2022), pp.2–4; Ninth Circuit opinion 18 April 2022, pp.37–44
The New York Times Co. v. Microsoft Corp. and OpenAIUSU.S. District Court, S.D. New York, Judge Sidney H. Stein (part of MDL In re OpenAI Copyright Infringement Litigation, 1:25-md-03143)1:23-cv-11195-SHS27 Dec 2023The New York Times Co.Microsoft Corp.; OpenAI entitiesTimes articles used to train GPT models (as alleged)Copyright infringement; DMCA and other claims, since narrowedactive2025-03-26: the court denied dismissal of contributory copyright claims and the challenged time-barred direct-infringement claims; unfair-competition claims were dismissed with prejudice and the Times DMCA claims without prejudice. 2026-09-24: a reciprocal summary-judgment briefing extension was granted; this was a scheduling decision, not a merits judgment.ECF 1838 (6 November), an MDL order cross-filed in this case: Judge Stein granted 55 unopposed motions for leave to file amicus briefs and deemed the briefs filed. Entries on 10 November are pro hac vice orders.6 Nov 2026Not publishedNot publishedActual ECF1838 Nov 6 2026 amicus order (read 12 Nov); ECF485, ECF1618 and ECF1634 read 16 Oct
Thomson Reuters v. ROSS IntelligenceUSU.S. District Court, D. Delaware (Judge Stephanos Bibas); interlocutory appeal, Third Circuit 25-21531:20-cv-006136 May 2020Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH; West Publishing Corp.ROSS Intelligence Inc.Westlaw headnotes used to train an AI legal research toolCopyright infringement (fair use contested)on appealDistrict court granted partial summary judgment on 2,243 Westlaw headnotes in February 2025. The Third Circuit panel affirmed: the headnotes were copyrightable and this use was not fair use. The opinion expressly concerns a non-generative research system; it does not resolve every generative-AI training use.ROSS petitioned for panel rehearing or rehearing en banc (entry 225); on 9 November Heather Meeker filed an amicus brief supporting the petition (entry 227).9 Nov 2026Third Circuit decision on the rehearing petition. No order was on RECAP on 12 November 2026 (entry 228 was not available), which does not prove none exists.Not applicableThird Circuit ROSS opinion, pages 2 and 5 (filed 2026-09-29; unsealed 09-30)
Getty Images v. Stability AI (UK)UKHigh Court of England and Wales (Chancery, IP List), Mrs Justice Joanna Smith; appeal to the Court of AppealIL-2023-000007; [2025] EWHC 2863 (Ch)Not publishedGetty Images (US) Inc and othersStability AI LimitedGetty images used to train Stable Diffusion (as alleged)Secondary copyright infringement (CDPA 1988), trade mark infringementon appeal2025-11-04 judgment: secondary copyright infringement failed. The training/development and outputs claims were abandoned at trial. The court found historical, narrowly limited trade-mark infringement involving specified older-model watermark outputs; this did not decide the legality of all AI training.Getty granted permission to appeal on secondary infringement; Stability refused permission on trade marks (Dec 2025 hearing, judgment published Jan 2026)Not publishedCourt of Appeal hearing (date not published)Not publishedActual Getty Images v Stability AI judgment [2025] EWHC 2863 (Ch), §§755–759, printed pp.198–201
Getty Images v. Stability AI (US)USU.S. District Court, N.D. California, Judge Trina L. Thompson3:25-cv-0689114 Aug 2025Getty Images (US), Inc.Stability AI, Ltd. and related entitiesGetty images and captions copied to train Stable Diffusion (as alleged)Copyright infringement, trademark infringement and dilution, false designation, unfair competition, DMCA §1202stayed2026-04-23: ECF53 dismissed Count II (DMCA section 1202(a)) without prejudice with leave to amend by May 7; it denied dismissal of Counts III-VII (trademark and related unfair-competition claims). Copyright Count I was outside the motion. This is a pleading ruling, not an infringement finding.Per docket metadata for ECF 81 (30 October): the court granted the parties' joint motion to stay (ECF 79) as modified, stayed the action until 13 January 2027, and vacated and reset the 5 November status conference. The order PDF was not on RECAP.30 Oct 2026Joint status report due 6 January 2027; further case management conference by videoconference on 13 January 2027, when the court will decide whether to lift the stay (docket metadata)6 Jan 2027Actual ECF74 Aug 18 2026 scheduling order, pp1-3; ECF53 Apr23 ruling read separately; Oct 30 stay from docket feed read 12 Nov 2026
Ryanair DAC v. Booking Holdings Inc.USU.S. District Court, D. Delaware; Third Circuit appeal 25-1374 (later disposition not verified in this pass)1:20-cv-011914 Sep 2020Ryanair DACBooking Holdings Inc. and affiliatesFlight and fare data from Ryanair's website (screen scraping, as alleged)Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA)decidedJul 2024: jury found for Ryanair on CFAA Counts II and IV. Jan 22 2025: judgment as a matter of law granted to Booking.com, including failure to prove the required $5,000 qualifying loss; permanent-injunction motion denied as moot. Jan 31 amended judgment entered for Booking.com on all CFAA claims. A later appellate dismissal reported in the old docket summary has not been confirmed from the actual dismissal paper.Latest primary judgment read: amended district judgment for Booking.com on all CFAA claims31 Jan 2025Not applicableNot publishedActual signed ECF518 Jan 31 2025 amended judgment; ECF516 GovInfo opinion and ECF520 read separately
Facebook, Inc. v. Power Ventures, Inc.USNinth Circuit (13-17102, 13-17154); U.S. District Court, N.D. California (5:08-cv-05780)13-17102; 828 F.3d 1068, amended 844 F.3d 105830 Dec 2008Facebook, Inc.Power Ventures, Inc.; Steven Vachani (CEO)Facebook users' data, used for a promotional messaging campaignCFAA, California Penal Code §502, CAN-SPAMdecided2016: Ninth Circuit held Power liable under the CFAA and §502 for access after Facebook's cease-and-desist letter; no CAN-SPAM violation.Amended Ninth Circuit opinion and order denying panel/en banc rehearing; original opinion filed 12 July 2016.9 Dec 2016Not applicableNot publishedActual Ninth Circuit Power Ventures amended opinion, 9 December 2016, pp.5–6 and 15–22
Sandvig v. BarrUSU.S. District Court, District of Columbia1:16-cv-0136829 Jun 2016Academic researchers (Christian W. Sandvig et al.)U.S. Attorney GeneralPlanned research scraping and test accounts on employment websites (pre-enforcement challenge)First Amendment challenge to the criminal CFAA as applied to terms-of-service violationsdecided2020-03-27: court held the CFAA does not criminalize mere terms-of-service violations on consumer websites.Summary judgment opinion; plaintiffs later dropped their appeal after Van Buren v. United States (2021)27 Mar 2020Not applicableNot publishedActual Sandvig v Barr memorandum opinion, 27 March 2020, Columbia-hosted court PDF, pp.1 and 27–28
Meta Platforms, Inc. v. BrandTotal Ltd.USU.S. District Court, N.D. California, Chief Magistrate Judge Joseph C. Spero3:20-cv-07182-JCS14 Oct 2020Meta Platforms, Inc. (formerly Facebook, Inc.)BrandTotal Ltd. and Unimania Inc.Facebook and Instagram ad data collected through browser extensions and accountsBreach of contract, California CDAFA and related claimssettledThe May 27, 2022 order (public redacted ECF 344 filed June 6) granted Meta contract liability and CDAFA/UCL relief for specified legacy collection and fake/purchased-account access. It also granted BrandTotal judgment that UpVoice 2021 did not violate CFAA/CDAFA/UCL and public non-password-protected collection did not violate CFAA/CDAFA. A stipulated permanent injunction and dismissal followed.Latest dispositive order read: 2022-10-05 dismissal of remaining specified claims following the permanent injunction5 Oct 2022Not applicableNot publishedActual ECF 383 dismissal; signed ECF 380 injunction and ECF 344 partial summary judgment also read
LinkedIn Corp. v. ProAPIs Inc.USU.S. District Court, N.D. California, Judge P. Casey Pitts5:25-cv-083932 Oct 2025LinkedIn Corp.ProAPIs Inc., Netswift (SMC-Private) Limited, and Rehmat AlamLinkedIn member data (as alleged)Breach of contract, fraud, CFAA, California CDAFA, unfair competition, Lanham Act, misappropriation, trespass to chattelssettledThe court signed a final judgment on consent on 2026-09-16. The named defendants denied liability but agreed to permanent restrictions on LinkedIn access/scraping, data transfer/products and misleading trademark use. This was an agreed resolution, not contested findings establishing the pleaded misconduct.Latest judgment read: final judgment on consent signed 2026-09-1616 Sep 2026Not applicableNot publishedActual signed ECF 36 final judgment on consent, pp2-5; ECF 1 complaint also read
LinkedIn Corp. v. Nubela Pte. Ltd. (Proxycurl)USU.S. District Court, N.D. California, Judge Charles R. Breyer3:25-cv-0082824 Jan 2025LinkedIn Corp.Nubela Pte. Ltd., Proxycurl LLC, Steven Goh, and Bach LeLinkedIn member profile data, including alleged logged-in fake-account access to password-protected informationBreach of contract, fraud, CFAA, unfair competition, Lanham Act, misappropriationsettledThe public docket reports a final judgment on consent entered 2025-07-25. The actual ECF 28 judgment text was not available in the public sources read, so its substantive terms and any findings are withheld.Latest docket entry reviewed: final judgment on consent, 2025-07-25; actual judgment text unavailable25 Jul 2025Not applicableNot publishedActual ECF 1 complaint read; ECF 28 outcome available only as public docket metadata, not full judgment
Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.USU.S. District Court, S.D. New York, Judge Katherine Polk Failla1:24-cv-07984-KPF21 Oct 2024Dow Jones & Co., Inc.; NYP Holdings, Inc.Perplexity AI, Inc.Wall Street Journal and New York Post articles copied into Perplexity's answer index (as alleged)Copyright infringement (inputs and outputs); Lanham Act false designation of origin and dilutionactive2025-08-21: ECF65 denied Perplexity's jurisdiction/venue dismissal or transfer motion, including its pleading challenge concerning ten additional registered works. This was not a final copyright-infringement or fair-use ruling.ECF 231 (6 November): the court granted Britannica's unopposed request to receive the 29 October sealed order (ECF 226) on Dow Jones's follow-on motion to compel (ECF 218), as Highly Confidential. The docket text for ECF 227 (29 October) reads that plaintiffs' motion to compel was granted in full.6 Nov 2026Pretrial conference, 10:00 AM14 Dec 2026Actual ECF231 Nov 6 2026 memo endorsement (read 12 Nov); ECF65, ECF205 and ECF216 read 16 Oct
The New York Times Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.USU.S. District Court, S.D. New York, Judge Loretta A. Preska1:25-cv-101065 Dec 2025The New York Times Company; Wirecutter, Inc.; The Athletic Media Company (March 20 2026 first amended complaint)Perplexity AI, Inc.Times articles used in Perplexity's products (as alleged)First amended complaint: direct copyright infringement (inputs and outputs); contributory/vicarious copyright infringement; false designation and trademark dilution; registered trademark infringement (allegations, not findings)activeApr 17 2026: Perplexity moved to dismiss Counts II-V of the first amended complaint; its consolidated reply was filed Jun 9 (ECF68). Whether any later ruling has issued remains unverified in this targeted public-paper review.Plaintiffs' 3 November letter motion to compel discovery of Perplexity's user activity logs and of any training on their content. Judge Preska's 5 November endorsement set a discovery conference for 12 November, with an opposition due 6 November and a reply 10 November (both filed per the feed). The motion to dismiss Counts II-V still showed no ruling.5 Nov 2026Discovery conference, Courtroom 12A, 11:00 AM; its outcome was not on the docket when I checked12 Nov 2026Actual ECF44 March 20 2026 first amended complaint, pp1/60-67; actual ECF57/68/74 read separately
Amazon.com Services LLC v. Perplexity AI, Inc.USU.S. District Court, N.D. California, Judge Maxine M. Chesney; Ninth Circuit 26-14443:25-cv-09514-MMC4 Nov 2025Amazon.com Services LLCPerplexity AI, Inc.Amazon store pages and accounts accessed by Perplexity's Comet AI shopping agent at users' directionCFAA; California CDAFA (Penal Code section 502); tortious interference with contract added in Sept 21 2026 first amended complaint (allegations)activeMar 9 2026: district court granted a preliminary injunction. Aug 4: Ninth Circuit vacated and remanded, finding Amazon unlikely to establish that Perplexity itself accessed the computers on this preliminary record. Sept 21: Amazon amended its complaint, adding tortious interference. This is not a final merits judgment or general authorization for AI-agent access.Briefing closed on Perplexity's motion to dismiss the first amended complaint and stay discovery (ECF 129): Amazon opposed on 3 November (ECF 134) and a reply followed on 10 November (ECF 135). Per the feed, discovery was referred to Magistrate Judge Alex G. Tse on 15 October (ECF 131).10 Nov 2026Noticed hearing on the dismissal/discovery-stay motion, Nov 20 9am; the feed showed no continuance on 12 November20 Nov 2026Actual ECF129 filed Oct 13 2026 motion/notice; official Aug 4 appellate opinion and ECF81/114/120/122/126 read separately
In re Clearview AI, Inc. Consumer Privacy LitigationUSU.S. District Court, N.D. Illinois, Judge Sharon Johnson Coleman1:21-cv-001358 Jan 2021Consolidated consumer classClearview AI, Inc. and othersFace images scraped from public websites and social media (as alleged)Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act (BIPA) and other privacy claimsremandedThe district court approved a settlement on 2025-03-20, but on 2026-07-13 the Seventh Circuit vacated that approval and remanded because the disfavored nationwide class lacked separate representation in allocating relief. The appellate court did not categorically reject equity-based monetary relief or settlements without an additional injunction.Latest merits-related opinion read: Seventh Circuit vacated settlement approval and ordered a general remand13 Jul 2026Not applicableNot publishedOfficial Seventh Circuit opinion, No.25-1673, ECF 69, decided 2026-07-13; settlement approval vacated
Information Commissioner v. Clearview AI IncUKUpper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber); appeal to the Court of Appeal[2025] UKUT 319 (AAC)Not publishedInformation Commissioner (UK data protection regulator), appellantClearview AI IncImages of UK residents scraped from the web and social media (per the ICO)Appeal over the ICO's jurisdiction to enforce UK GDPR (£7.5M fine and enforcement notice, May 2022)on appeal2025-10-06 (official tribunal decision date): the Upper Tribunal allowed the ICO appeal, set aside the FTT decision and remitted the substantive appeal on the basis that the ICO had jurisdiction to issue the notices. This jurisdiction ruling did not finally determine the substantive fine/enforcement appeal.ICO update reports permission to appeal to the Court of Appeal; actual permission order/current appeal docket unverified19 Dec 2025Court of Appeal timetable and subsequent disposition awaiting primary verificationNot publishedActual UKUT319 decision, directions and paras364-367; Oct 6 date per official GovUK metadata; permission only per ICO update
Kneschke v. LAION e.V.EU (Germany)Federal Court of Justice (BGH), I. Civil Senate; earlier Hamburg Regional Court and Hanseatic Higher Regional CourtLG Hamburg 310 O 227/23; OLG Hamburg 5 U 104/24; BGH I ZR 281/25Not publishedRobert Kneschke (photographer)LAION e.V.A stock photo downloaded from the web to build the LAION-5B AI training datasetCopyright (reproduction); German text and data mining exceptions contestedon appealLG Hamburg dismissed the claim Sep 27 2024 under research TDM section 60d (section 44b left undecided). OLG Hamburg dismissed the appeal Dec 10 2025 under sections 44b and 60d and allowed revision. These rulings concern the image download for dataset preparation; they do not categorically authorize subsequent generative-model training.Sept 3 2026 BGH hearing and possible CJEU reference reported by counsel; no actual BGH decision/reference order obtained3 Sep 2026Further BGH decision, referral or timetable awaiting primary verificationNot publishedActual OLG Hamburg Dec 10 2025 judgment (36pp mirror); LG judgment and reproduced BGH hearing notice read separately
  • Google LLC v. SerpApi, LLC: Targeted review 2026-10-16: actual ECF 42, 45, 49, 60 and 61 PDFs read. ECF 42 dismisses the no-copyrighted-content theory without leave and the copyrighted-component theory with leave; it does not establish general scraping permission. ECF 45 is the amended pleading, not findings. Targeted 2026-11-12 check: I read the public docket feed (https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/72059948/feed/) and ECF 62 pp.1-2 and 17-19 (conclusion signed by Chief Judge Gonzalez Rogers, 9 November 2026). The 30 November date is my count of 21 days from the order; the order itself states only the 21-day period. The full PACER record was not reviewed, and the original whole-row verification date remains because not every original field was re-checked.
  • The New York Times Co. v. Brave Software, Inc.: I read the complaint's caption, ¶¶1-5 and Counts I-V (pp.62-70) and the public docket feed (https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/75055933/feed/) on 2026-11-12. The complaint names Anthropic, Perplexity, Mistral, xAI and Cohere as alleged Brave API customers, but Brave is the only defendant and no claim is pleaded against any customer. Magistrate Judge Valerie Figueredo is designated for referred matters. A near-identical suit by three Tribune papers was filed the same day (1:26-cv-09554). Everything about Brave's conduct is the plaintiff's allegation.
  • Daily News, LP et al. v. Brave Software, Inc.: I read the complaint's caption and ¶¶1-3, the Count I and Count II headings (pp.58-60, including the 'over 2 million articles' registration claim at ¶88) and the public docket feed (https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/75056336/feed/) on 2026-11-12. The PDF's outline lists Counts IV and V; I did not read Counts III-V in full. The feed gives no service date or answer deadline, and the contents of the Statement of Relatedness (ECF 9) are not shown, so no next event is listed. Brave is the only defendant.
  • Brave Software, Inc. v. News Corporation (Dow Jones and NYP Holdings counterclaims): I read ECF 25 pp.1-3 and 33-39 from a filing copy hosted by the Copyright Alliance, and the public docket feed of the 2025 case (https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/69732536/feed/), on 2026-11-12. I could not reach the 2026 docket (CourtListener search returned 403), so later filings, any ruling on the foreign defendants' motion and the schedule are unverified and no next event is listed. The counterclaims' account of Brave's conduct is an allegation.
  • Reddit, Inc. v. SerpApi LLC et al.: Targeted review 2026-10-16: actual ECF 104 conclusion at printed p.62, ECF 161 and ECF 170 read. No decision on the merits is implied, and no ruling on Oxylabs' separate motion was verified. Targeted 2026-11-12 check: I read the public docket feed (https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71720563/feed/), which ran to ECF 186, and the actual ECF 183 and ECF 186. ECF 183 prints its deadline as 'November 23, 2206'; I read it as 2026 because the same order's follow-on deadlines are in December 2026. Status-conference minute entries for 5, 6 and 9 November are index metadata, not rulings. Other original fields retain the older whole-row verification date.
  • Reddit, Inc. v. Anthropic PBC: Primary removal notice and stamped state complaint confirm removal 2025-07-03 and filing 2025-06-04. The state docket and later demurrer/discovery orders were not read; no current merits, hearing schedule or final case-status claim is made. Federal order reread 2026-10-16; original row verification date retained.
  • Meta Platforms, Inc. v. Bright Data Ltd.: ECF 193 p2 expressly records Meta's waiver of appeal from the January 23 contract order; this replaces an inference from an appellate-docket search. Full ECF 181 pp35-37 also read. Public metadata records administrative termination 2024-02-26; later enforcement or other proceedings not certified. Primary documents reread 2026-10-16; original row verification date retained.
  • X Corp. v. Bright Data Ltd.: ECF 355, filed 2025-06-27, states the action was compromised and settled and stipulates to dismissal without costs or fees. ECF 357, July 1, accepts it and retains jurisdiction over records/sealing. Private settlement terms and later activity not verified. Actual ECF 83 pp7,26 and ECF 156 pp1,21 also read. Documents reread 2026-10-16; original row verification date retained.
  • hiQ Labs, Inc. v. LinkedIn Corp.: Targeted document check 2026-10-16: ECF 406 pp.2–4 imposes a $500,000 consent judgment and permanent injunction on hiQ; p.4 orders entry on 8 December 2022 despite the retained proposed label. The April 2022 appellate opinion affirmed a preliminary injunction, not universal permission to scrape. The original November 2022 summary-judgment field and other chronology retain their older verification date; no current docket certification.
  • The New York Times Co. v. Microsoft Corp. and OpenAI: Targeted primary-paper review 2026-10-16; whole-row verifiedAt is unchanged. ECF485 pp2-3 supplies the March ruling. ECF1618 p3 (Sept24 endorsement; cross-filed MDL paper) sets oppositions Oct 23, amici Oct 30, replies Nov 20. ECF1634 pp1-2 concerns Bloomberg Industry Group's intervention and sets opposition Oct 16/reply Oct 30. Targeted 2026-11-12 check: I read the public docket feed (https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/68117049/feed/), which ran to ECF 1844 (10 November), and the actual ECF 1838 (3 pages). Granting leave to file amicus briefs is not a ruling on summary judgment or fair use. I did not re-read ECF 1618, so the 20 November reply date is not repeated as a current deadline. March order: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.612697/gov.uscourts.nysd.612697.485.0.pdf ; September schedule: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.612697/gov.uscourts.nysd.612697.1618.0.pdf
  • Thomson Reuters v. ROSS Intelligence: Targeted source correction 2026-10-16: Third Circuit opinion caption says filed September 29; public unsealing/docket entry is September 30. Opinion pages 2 and 5 support the affirmance and non-generative limit. Targeted 2026-11-12 check: I read the cover of ROSS's petition (https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.ca3.125346/gov.uscourts.ca3.125346.225.0.pdf), which carries no filing stamp; Law360 reported the petition on 4 November 2026 (https://www.law360.com/articles/2546462/westlaw-ai-fight-warrants-full-court-review-3rd-circ-told). I also read the cover of the date-stamped amicus brief (https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.ca3.125346/gov.uscourts.ca3.125346.227.0.pdf). A pending petition means the panel decision is not final; no outcome is inferred. Other original row fields retain the older whole-row verification date.
  • Getty Images v. Stability AI (UK): Targeted 2026-10-16 reading of the actual judgment, not only its index. The linked judgment supports the November 2025 holdings; it does not prove the later appeal-permission decision or a current Court of Appeal schedule. Those later fields remain an older, unverified report and require the actual permission order before launch.
  • Getty Images v. Stability AI (US): Targeted 2026-11-12 check: I read the public docket feed (https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71112094/feed/); its newest entries are the 29 October joint stay motion and case management statement (ECF 79, 80) and the 30 October ECF 81 entry. The ECF 81 PDF returned 404 on RECAP, so the stay terms come from the docket text only, and the Aug 18 schedule (ECF 74) may change when the stay ends. Targeted primary-paper review 2026-10-16; original whole-row verifiedAt retained. Actual ECF53 pp1-2 confirms the Aug 14 2025 California filing and Delaware voluntary-dismissal notice, without certifying the Delaware closing date. ECF74 pp1-2 sets Nov5 2026 2pm status conference and Aug 31 2027 dispositive hearing. Its page1 trial line says Jan 18 2028, but page3 also contains an unexplained Aug 14 2028 footer; no trial date is presented as currently certified. Later docket completeness is unverified. Ruling: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.454636/gov.uscourts.cand.454636.53.0.pdf
  • Ryanair DAC v. Booking Holdings Inc.: Targeted primary-paper review 2026-10-16; whole-row verifiedAt unchanged. ECF516 pp16-34/45 supplies the loss analysis and disposition; ECF518 pp1-2 is the signed Jan 31 judgment (ECF517 is only a proposed judgment). Actual ECF520 is a Feb 13 agreement/order that neither side will seek taxable costs. ECF521-523, the Third Circuit dismissal stipulation/order and Oct2 closing record were not obtained. The former Aug26 dismissal and unstated-reason assertions are withheld rather than treated as newly verified. This row describes the district judgment, not a certified current appeal status. Opinion: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCOURTS-ded-1_20-cv-01191/pdf/USCOURTS-ded-1_20-cv-01191-5.pdf
  • Facebook, Inc. v. Power Ventures, Inc.: Targeted 2026-10-16 document review: the amended opinion upheld CFAA/§502 liability only for continued access after express revocation, rejected CAN-SPAM liability, vacated the remedies and remanded. Mere terms-of-use violation or bypassing an IP block alone was insufficient. Later 2019 proceedings and original filing fields were not reverified; the whole-row date remains older.
  • Sandvig v. Barr: Targeted actual-opinion review 2026-10-16: the court held these researchers' proposed consumer-site terms violations did not violate CFAA §1030(a)(2), declined the First Amendment question, denied the cross-motions as moot and dismissed. It is not blanket permission to bypass authentication or breach contracts. Any separate appeal/history fields retain their older verification date.
  • Meta Platforms, Inc. v. BrandTotal Ltd.: ECF 380 was signed September 30 and filed October 3, 2022; it restricts the bound defendants' Meta access/collection and requires code/data deletion. ECF 383 October 5 dismisses remaining unjust-enrichment, interference and unfair/fraudulent-UCL claims. The injunction records a confidential settlement and appeal waivers. No universal scraping prohibition, confidential payment amount or later enforcement status inferred. Documents reread 2026-10-16; original row verification date retained.
  • LinkedIn Corp. v. ProAPIs Inc.: Actual ECF 36 pp2-5 lists all three defendants, the claims, access/product restrictions and defendants' certifications of data/code destruction; those certifications were not independently tested. It resolves all claims/defenses, bars party appeals and retains enforcement jurisdiction. No confidential settlement terms or later compliance/current docket certification. Complaint ECF 1 also read 2026-10-16; original row verification date retained.
  • LinkedIn Corp. v. Nubela Pte. Ltd. (Proxycurl): The actual January 24, 2025 complaint ECF 1 pp1-2 confirms the four named defendants, six pleaded causes and alleged fake-account/password-wall conduct. These are allegations. ECF 28 terms, injunction scope, deletion duties and post-judgment status remain unverified; no fresh whole-row certification. Public primary retrieval attempted 2026-10-16; original row verification date retained.
  • Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.: Targeted 2026-11-12 check: I read the public docket feed (https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/69280523/feed/), which ran to ECF 231, and the actual ECF 231 (2 pages). I did not read the ECF 227 order itself; its 'granted in full' wording is from the docket text, and the sealed order's reasoning is not public. The feed showed no change to the 14 December conference, which comes from ECF 205 read 16 October. Targeted primary-paper review 2026-10-16; original whole-row verifiedAt retained. Actual ECF205 p9 sets the Dec 14 2026 10am pretrial conference; p3 sets fact discovery Dec 10/expert discovery Mar 16 2027. ECF216 p3 is signed Oct 6 (the public feed indexes it on Oct 7); sealed briefing/transcript contents were not inspected. No full current-docket certificate. Merits-motion order: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.630270/gov.uscourts.nysd.630270.65.0.pdf ; scheduling order: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.630270/gov.uscourts.nysd.630270.205.0.pdf
  • The New York Times Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.: Targeted 2026-11-12 check: I read the public docket feed (https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71997720/feed/), which ran to ECF 94 (10 November), and the endorsed letter at ECF 91 pp.1-2 and 4 (https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.654190/gov.uscourts.nysd.654190.91.0.pdf). That file carries the related Tribune case's header (1:25-cv-10094, Doc. 75) and says it replaces Times Dkt. 83. Plaintiffs' account of Perplexity's discovery position is a party letter, not a finding. Targeted primary-paper review 2026-10-16; whole-row verifiedAt unchanged. Actual March 20 ECF44 caption and pp60-67 establish the three plaintiffs and five pleaded counts. ECF57 pp1-2 identifies the dismissal motion; actual ECF68 confirms the Jun 9 reply. ECF74 Aug 7 is a party clarification of preserved clickthrough/log/RAG snapshots, not a court finding or sanctions order. ECF76 was unavailable, so its Aug 31 protective-order content and later disposition are held; lack of a readable later ruling does not prove none exists. Reply: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.654190/gov.uscourts.nysd.654190.68.0.pdf ; Aug 7 letter: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.654190/gov.uscourts.nysd.654190.74.0.pdf
  • Amazon.com Services LLC v. Perplexity AI, Inc.: Targeted 2026-11-12 check: I read the public docket feed (https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71874820/feed/), which ran to ECF 135; the ECF 134 and 135 entries are docket metadata only, as I did not read those briefs. No ruling on the motion appeared. Targeted primary-paper review 2026-10-16 before the US filing day ended; original whole-row verifiedAt retained. Actual ECF129 pp1-2 is filed/dates Oct 13 although the feed lists Oct 14. ECF120 Sept 14 continued the earlier motion hearing to Nov 20; ECF129 now notices that date against the amended complaint. ECF122 pp1/32-37 pleads three claims, not findings. ECF126 Sept 30 only requests a courtesy copy. The old Sept 2027 trial date is withheld absent its actual current scheduling order. Official appeal pp14-17/21: https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2026/08/04/26-1444.pdf ; amended complaint: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.459191/gov.uscourts.cand.459191.122.0.pdf
  • In re Clearview AI, Inc. Consumer Privacy Litigation: Actual Seventh Circuit ECF 69 pp2,5-7,18-26 read 2026-10-16. The vacated arrangement offered monetary relief equivalent to a 23% stake, with specified triggers/alternatives; it did not establish an immediate 23% share transfer or cash payout. Later mandate, rehearing, district remand activity or replacement settlement not checked. Original row verification date retained; original exact district/member-case filing days not freshly certified.
  • Information Commissioner v. Clearview AI Inc: Actual judgment read via the National Archives (Decision directions and paras305/320/364-367). The judgment is authorised for issue Oct 6 2025 and records Jul 17 2026 typographical corrections; GovUK metadata also gives decision date Oct 6; the ICO announcement page is dated Oct 8. Its Dec 19 update reports that permission was granted but does not itself supply the signed permission order or certify its exact grant date. The lastEventDate is that update date only. No inference about present appeal progress follows from search silence. Official metadata: https://www.gov.uk/administrative-appeals-tribunal-decisions/the-information-commissioners-office-v-clearview-ai-inc-privacy-international-intervening-2025-ukut-319-aac ; permission report: https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/media-centre/news-and-blogs/2025/10/uk-upper-tribunal-hands-down-judgment-on-clearview-ai-inc/
  • Kneschke v. LAION e.V.: Actual LG judgment paras54/68/100ff and OLG 36-page judgment tenor/pp11-35 read on 2026-10-16; original whole-row verifiedAt retained. BGH I ZR 281/25 appears in the official May 20 hearing notice as reproduced publicly; counsel reports the Sep 3 hearing. Neither counsel discussion nor court-press descriptions are a BGH judgment/referral. Some later reports name Dec 17 2026 for pronouncement, but no actual court timetable/protocol was obtained; the former claim that no date was announced is withdrawn. LG full text: https://kandidatentreff.de/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/2495651.pdf ; BGH notice mirror: https://news.2be.legal/2026/05/20/ldi-de-ger-bgh-pm-de_2026-2026085/ ; counsel account: https://www.recht-im-internet.de/presseanfragen/pressemeldung-laion

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How this data was collected

This tracker is a research summary, not legal advice. Whether scraping is lawful depends on the facts, the data, the contract terms and the jurisdiction. Ask a lawyer about your own case.

I read each row from the court docket, the court's own ruling or an official regulator page wherever I could reach one, on the date in the row's Verified column. For US federal cases that is usually CourtListener, the Free Law Project's free mirror of PACER dockets. Where a docket did not load, I used reputable news or law-firm summaries, and the row names that source.

Wording is neutral on purpose. "Alleges" and "as alleged" describe what a party says; only a court ruling is described as a holding. A pending case, a filed claim or a settlement is not a finding that anyone broke the law.

A blank cell means I could not verify that value from a primary or strong secondary source, so I left it out instead of guessing. Dates are the day a document was filed or a ruling was entered on the docket, which can differ by a day from news reports.

Scope: civil cases, and one regulator's enforcement appeal, about scraping or automated collection of web data, including search results, social platforms and AI training, filed or decided from 2016 on. Facebook v. Power Ventures was filed in 2008 and is included for its 2016 appeals ruling. I found no criminal scraping prosecution from this period to add. Cases about AI training on pirated book copies (such as Kadrey v. Meta and Bartz v. Anthropic) are left out because they turn on downloads from shadow libraries, not web scraping.

Cases move fast. Individual rows retain their whole-row verification dates; a later targeted correction is identified in its row note. An updated dataset date does not certify every case as current. Check the linked opinion/docket before relying on a deadline.

2026-11-12 refresh: I added The New York Times v. Brave, Daily News et al. v. Brave and Brave v. News Corp, each built from its pleading and docket as read that day (the pages read are listed in each note), so those rows carry that verification date. For eight active cases I re-read the public CourtListener docket feed (for Thomson Reuters v. ROSS, the appellate documents on RECAP) and, where RECAP had it, the newest document; the result is logged as a targeted check in each note. Where a document was not on RECAP, the note says the entry comes from docket metadata only. A RECAP feed can lag PACER, so a missing entry is not proof that nothing was filed.

How to cite this dataset

Web Scraping Lawsuits Tracker (2026). Crawlfolio, updated . https://crawlfolio.com/data/web-scraping-lawsuits/. Licensed CC BY 4.0. Reuse it with credit and a link to this page.

Sources

25 sources, accessed to .

Official pricing, docs, changelogs and status pages 23

  1. Google v SerpApi actual ECF 62 (9 November 2026), pp.1, 19; ECF 42, 45, 49, 60 and 61 read 16 October 2026 storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  2. NYT v Brave complaint (ECF 1, filed 2 November 2026), pp.1-3 and 62-70; public docket feed read 12 November 2026 storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  3. Daily News et al. v Brave complaint (ECF 1, filed 2 November 2026), pp.1-2 and 58-60; public docket feed read 12 November 2026 storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  4. Reddit v SerpApi actual ECF 186 (10 November 2026) and ECF 183 (9 November 2026), read 12 November 2026; ECF 104 p.62, 161, 170 read 16 October 2026 storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  5. Actual federal ECF 60 remand order; ECF 1 removal notice and ECF 1-1 stamped complaint also read storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  6. Actual ECF 193 joint dismissal/appeal waiver; ECF 181 summary judgment and ECF 1 complaint also read storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  7. Actual ECF 357 end-of-case order; ECF 355 settlement stipulation, ECF 83 and ECF 156 also read storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  8. Entered hiQ consent judgment ECF 406 (8 December 2022), pp.2–4; Ninth Circuit opinion 18 April 2022, pp.37–44 storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  9. Actual ECF1838 Nov 6 2026 amicus order (read 12 Nov); ECF485, ECF1618 and ECF1634 read 16 Oct storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  10. Third Circuit ROSS opinion, pages 2 and 5 (filed 2026-09-29; unsealed 09-30) govinfo.gov · accessed
  11. Actual Getty Images v Stability AI judgment [2025] EWHC 2863 (Ch), §§755–759, printed pp.198–201 judiciary.uk · accessed
  12. Actual ECF74 Aug 18 2026 scheduling order, pp1-3; ECF53 Apr23 ruling read separately; Oct 30 stay from docket feed read 12 Nov 2026 storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  13. Actual signed ECF518 Jan 31 2025 amended judgment; ECF516 GovInfo opinion and ECF520 read separately storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  14. Actual Ninth Circuit Power Ventures amended opinion, 9 December 2016, pp.5–6 and 15–22 cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov · accessed
  15. Actual ECF 383 dismissal; signed ECF 380 injunction and ECF 344 partial summary judgment also read govinfo.gov · accessed
  16. Actual signed ECF 36 final judgment on consent, pp2-5; ECF 1 complaint also read storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  17. Actual ECF 1 complaint read; ECF 28 outcome available only as public docket metadata, not full judgment courtlistener.com · accessed
  18. Actual ECF231 Nov 6 2026 memo endorsement (read 12 Nov); ECF65, ECF205 and ECF216 read 16 Oct storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  19. Actual ECF44 March 20 2026 first amended complaint, pp1/60-67; actual ECF57/68/74 read separately chatgptiseatingtheworld.com · accessed
  20. Actual ECF129 filed Oct 13 2026 motion/notice; official Aug 4 appellate opinion and ECF81/114/120/122/126 read separately storage.courtlistener.com · accessed
  21. Official Seventh Circuit opinion, No.25-1673, ECF 69, decided 2026-07-13; settlement approval vacated govinfo.gov · accessed
  22. Actual UKUT319 decision, directions and paras364-367; Oct 6 date per official GovUK metadata; permission only per ICO update caselaw.nationalarchives.gov.uk · accessed
  23. Actual OLG Hamburg Dec 10 2025 judgment (36pp mirror); LG judgment and reproduced BGH hearing notice read separately itm.nrw · accessed